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Li-PC tsa indasteri (li-IPC) ke motheo oa litsamaiso tsa othomathiki le taolo ea indasteri, tse etselitsoeng ho fana ka ts'ebetso e phahameng le ts'epo libakeng tse thata. Ho utloisisa likarolo tsa tsona tsa mantlha ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho khetha sistimi e nepahetseng ho fihlela litlhoko tse itseng tsa ts'ebeliso. Karolong ena ea pele, re tla hlahloba likarolo tsa motheo tsa li-IPC, ho kenyeletsoa le processor, yuniti ea litšoantšo, memori le litsamaiso tsa polokelo.
1. Yuniti e Bohareng ea Ts'ebetso (CPU)
Hangata CPU e nkoa e le boko ba IPC. E phethahatsa litaelo le ho etsa lipalo tse hlokahalang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa indasteri. Ho khetha CPU e nepahetseng ho bohlokoa hobane ho ama ka kotloloho ts'ebetso, ts'ebetso e ntle ea matla, le ho tšoaneleha bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse itseng.
Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa tsa Li-CPU tsa IPC:
- Kereiti ea Liindasteri:Hangata li-IPC li sebelisa li-CPU tsa maemo a indasteri tse nang le lipotoloho tse telele tsa bophelo, tse fanang ka ts'epo ea nako e telele maemong a thata joalo ka mocheso o feteletseng le ho thothomela.
- Tšehetso ea Methati e Mengata:Hangata li-IPC tsa sejoale-joale li na le li-processor tsa mantlha e mengata ho nolofalletsa ts'ebetso e ts'oanang, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa libaka tse ngata tse sebetsang ka nako e le 'ngoe.
- Tshebetso e Botle ea Matla:Li-CPU tse kang li-processor tsa Intel Atom, Celeron, le ARM li ntlafalitsoe bakeng sa tšebeliso e tlase ea matla, e leng se etsang hore li be ntle bakeng sa li-IPC tse se nang fan le tse nyane.
Mehlala:
- Letoto la Intel Core (i3, i5, i7):E loketse mesebetsi e sebetsang hantle joalo ka pono ea mochini, liroboto le lits'ebetso tsa AI.
- Li-CPU tsa Intel Atom kapa ARM:E loketse bakeng sa ho ngola lintlha tsa motheo, IoT, le litsamaiso tsa taolo tse bobebe.
2. Yuniti ea Ts'ebetso ea Litšoantšo (GPU)
GPU ke karolo ea bohlokoa bakeng sa mesebetsi e hlokang ts'ebetso e matla ea pono, joalo ka pono ea mochini, tlhahlobo ea AI, kapa boemeli ba data ea litšoantšo. Li-IPC li ka sebelisa li-GPU tse kopaneng kapa li-GPU tse inehetseng ho latela mosebetsi.
Li-GPU tse Kopantsoeng:
- Li-GPU tse ngata tse fumanehang ho li-IPC tsa boemo ba pele, tse kopantsoeng (mohlala, Intel UHD Graphics) li lekane bakeng sa mesebetsi e kang ho etsa litšoantšo ka 2D, pono ea motheo, le li-interface tsa HMI.
Li-GPU tse inehetseng:
- Lisebelisoa tse sebetsang hantle joalo ka AI le 3D modeling hangata li hloka li-GPU tse inehetseng, joalo ka letoto la NVIDIA RTX kapa Jetson, ho sebetsana le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang bakeng sa li-dataset tse kholo.
Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa:
- Sephetho sa Video:Netefatsa hore e lumellana le maemo a ponts'o a kang HDMI, DisplayPort, kapa LVDS.
- Tsamaiso ea Thermal:Li-GPU tse sebetsang hantle li ka hloka ho pholisa ka mafolofolo ho thibela ho chesa haholo.
3. Memori (RAM)
RAM e etsa qeto ea hore na IPC e ka sebetsana le data e kae ka nako e le 'ngoe, e amang ka kotloloho lebelo la sistimi le karabelo. Hangata li-PC tsa indasteri li sebelisa RAM ea boleng bo holimo, ea ho lokisa liphoso (ECC) bakeng sa ts'epo e ntlafalitsoeng.
Likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa RAM ho li-IPC:
- Tšehetso ea ECC:ECC RAM e lemoha le ho lokisa liphoso tsa memori, e netefatsa botšepehi ba data lits'ebetsong tsa bohlokoa.
- Bokgoni:Lisebelisoa tse kang ho ithuta ka mochini le bohlale ba maiketsetso li ka hloka 16GB kapa ho feta, athe litsamaiso tsa motheo tsa tlhokomelo li ka sebetsa ka 4–8GB.
- Kereiti ea Liindasteri:E etselitsoe ho mamella maemo a feteletseng a mocheso le ho thothomela, RAM ea maemo a indasteri e fana ka ho tšoarella ho hoholo.
Litlhahiso:
- 4–8GB:E loketse mesebetsi e bobebe joalo ka HMI le ho fumana data.
- 16–32GB:E loketse bakeng sa AI, ketsiso, kapa tlhahlobo e kholo ea data.
- 64GB+:E boloketsoe mesebetsi e boima haholo joalo ka ts'ebetso ea video ea nako ea sebele kapa li-simulation tse rarahaneng.
4. Mekhoa ea Polokelo
Polokelo e tšepahalang e bohlokoa bakeng sa li-IPC, kaha hangata li sebetsa ka ho tsoelang pele libakeng tse nang le phihlello e fokolang ea tlhokomelo. Mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea polokelo e sebelisoa ho li-IPC: li-drive tsa solid-state (SSD) le li-drive tsa hard disk (HDD).
Li-Drive tsa Maemo a Tiileng (li-SSD):
- E kgethwa ho di-IPC ka lebaka la lebelo la tsona, ho tshwarella ha tsona, le ho hanyetsa ditshoso.
- Li-SSD tsa NVMe li fana ka lebelo le phahameng la ho bala/ho ngola ha li bapisoa le li-SSD tsa SATA, e leng se etsang hore li lokele lits'ebetso tse sebelisang data e ngata.
Di-hard Disk Drive (di-HDD):
- E sebelisoa maemong ao ho hlokahalang sebaka se phahameng sa polokelo, leha e le hore ha e tšoarelle nako e telele joaloka li-SSD.
- Hangata e kopanngoa le li-SSD ka har'a li-setting tsa polokelo ea motsoako o kopaneng ho leka-lekanya lebelo le bokhoni.
Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa Tseo U Lokelang ho li Nahana:
- Mamello ea Mocheso:Di-drive tsa maemo a indasteri di ka sebetsa maemong a mocheso o pharaletseng (-40°C ho isa ho 85°C).
- Nako e Telele:Li-drive tse nang le mamello e phahameng li bohlokoa bakeng sa litsamaiso tse nang le lipotoloho tse ngata tsa ho ngola.
5. Boto ea 'mè
Lebokose la mama ke setsi se bohareng se hokahanyang likarolo tsohle tsa IPC, se nolofatsang puisano pakeng tsa CPU, GPU, memori le polokelo.
Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa tsa Li-Motherboard tsa Liindasteri:
- Moralo o Matla:E hahiloe ka masela a kobehileng ho sireletsa lerōleng, mongobo le mafome.
- Li-interface tsa I/O:E kenyelletsa mefuta e fapaneng ya dikou tse kang USB, RS232/RS485, le Ethernet bakeng sa kgokelo.
- Ho katoloha:Li-slots tsa PCIe, li-interface tsa mini PCIe, le M.2 li lumella lintlafatso tsa nakong e tlang le ts'ebetso e eketsehileng.
Litlhahiso:
- Batla liboto tsa bo-mme tse nang le mangolo a tumello a indasteri joalo ka CE le FCC.
- Netefatsa hore e lumellana le lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang tsa peripheral le sensor.
CPU, GPU, memori, polokelo le motherboard li etsa motheo oa PC ea indasteri. Karolo ka 'ngoe e tlameha ho khethoa ka hloko ho latela ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso, ho tšoarella le litlhoko tsa khokahano. Karolong e latelang, re tla teba haholoanyane likarolong tse ling tsa bohlokoa tse kang phepelo ea motlakase, litsamaiso tsa ho pholisa, libaka tse koetsoeng le li-interface tsa puisano tse phethelang moralo oa IPC e tšepahalang.
Haeba o na le thahasello k'hamphaning le lihlahisoa tsa rona, ikutloe u lokolohile ho ikopanya le moemeli oa rona oa mose ho maoatle, Robin.
Email: yang.chen@apuqi.com
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Nako ea poso: Pherekhong-03-2025