A ranar 9 ga Yuni, 2026, Ma'aikatar Masana'antu da Fasahar Bayanai da Hukumar Kula da Kadarori da Gudanarwa ta Majalisar Jiha ta haɗa hannu suka fitar da sanarwar ƙaddamar da Aiki na Musamman na 2026 don Horar da Robots na Duniya na Gaske da Sirrin Jiki. Sanarwar ta bayyana cewa, kafin ƙarshen 2026, samfuran leƙen asiri kamar robots na ɗan adam ya kamata su kammala tantance aikace-aikace da kuma tura su akai-akai a cikin zaɓaɓɓun yanayi na wakilci kuma su fara amfani da su. Hakanan yana da nufin haɓaka yanayi na aikace-aikace sama da 100 masu daraja da kuma gina ikon tura kayayyaki a sikelin raka'a dubu goma. Aikin na musamman ya mayar da hankali kan muhimman yanayi a fannoni na masana'antu, na musamman, da na sabis, yayin da yake haɓaka wurare na horo na gaske, ƙungiyar aikace-aikacen kirkire-kirkire, nasarorin ƙwarewar aiki, da kuma tabbatar da tura su.
A lokaci guda kuma, ci gaban tsaron kan iyaka na kasar Sin yana ci gaba da tafiya a wani mataki da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba. A watan Maris na wannan shekarar, an tura wani robot mai launin toka-toka a kan tudun Karakoram a tsayin mita 5,300 a kan iyakar kasar Sin da Indiya. Tare da tafiyar jiragen ruwa mai cin gashin kansa da kuma sa ido mai digiri 360 a ko'ina, kafofin watsa labarai na Indiya sun bayyana shi a matsayin "mai tsaron kimiyya." Wannan misali ne mai kyau na kariyar kan iyaka da kasar Sin ke amfani da ita ta hanyar fasaha, wanda ke tafiya daga ra'ayi zuwa ga ainihin duniya. An tsara shi don yanayin kan iyaka mai tsanani kamar tsayi mai tsayi, sanyi mai tsanani, ƙarancin iskar oxygen, da kuma wurare masu rikitarwa, robot din zai iya aiki a tsayin mita 5,300 sama da matakin teku, inda matakan iskar oxygen suke kusan kashi 60% kawai na wadanda ke kan tudu, kuma zai iya jure yanayin zafi daga -40°C zuwa 55°C. A tashar jiragen ruwa ta Erenhot da ke cikin Mongolia ta cikin gida, wani robot mai sa ido mai hankali wanda tashar binciken kan iyaka ta gida ta samar ya shiga aiki, wanda hakan ya ba da damar sauyawa daga duba jirgin kasa da hannu zuwa sa ido mai hankali ga jiragen kasa na kasa da kasa. A Guangxi, wata motar sintiri mai wayo wacce ke da ikon tuƙi mai sarrafa kanta ta shiga aikin gwaji a Dongxing, tashar jiragen ruwa ta Fangcheng, tana ba da sintiri mai sarrafa kanta awanni 24 a rana, ganewa daidai, da kuma gargaɗi a ainihin lokaci. Daga kan iyakokin arewa zuwa kudu, daga tsaunuka zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa, "masu tsaron ƙarfe" marasa gajiya yanzu suna kan aiki dare da rana.
Saboda manufofi masu tallafi da kuma ainihin buƙatun aiki, robots ɗin duba kan iyakokin suna canzawa cikin sauri daga sintiri mai cin gashin kansa zuwa yanke shawara mai cin gashin kansa. Tare da samfuran AI da aka horar kan lamuran da suka faru a kan iyaka, fasalin ƙasa, da kuma tsarin dabaru, robots a hankali suna samun damar bambance fararen hula, ma'aikata masu makamai, da dabbobi, yayin da suke gano halaye masu haɗari kamar haɗuwa ko saitin kayan aiki da ake zargi. Wannan yana sanya buƙatu masu matuƙar wahala ga mai sarrafa babban: ƙididdige AI mai ƙarfi don zurfin koyo na ainihin lokaci, samun daidaituwa daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin da yawa, tarin hanyoyin sadarwa na masana'antu masu yawa, da kuma daidaitawa mai ƙarfi a muhalli. A aikace, mai sarrafa dole ne ya samar da babban aikin AI, tallafawa shigarwar kyamara da yawa don fahimtar yanayin hoto na digiri 360, da kuma bayar da hanyoyin sadarwa na matakin abin hawa kamar CAN FD da RS232/485 don haɗawa da tsarin chassis da firikwensin.
Bayanin Shari'a
A kan dogayen iyakokin ƙasa, ayyukan sintiri suna fuskantar ƙalubale da dama, ciki har da yanayi mai tsauri, yanayi mai sarkakiya, ƙarancin ma'aikata, da kuma babban haɗari. Sintirin hannu na gargajiya ba wai kawai ba shi da inganci ba ne; a cikin mawuyacin yanayi kamar tsayi mai tsayi, sanyi mai tsanani, da bambance-bambancen zafin jiki, juriya da amincin ma'aikata suma ana gwada su sosai. Tare da saurin haɓaka hankali, robot masu hankali na sintiri na kan iyaka waɗanda ke haɗa hanyoyin sadarwa masu zaman kansu, fahimtar muhalli, gane AI, da sadarwa ta ainihin lokaci suna zama manyan kayan aiki don maye gurbin aikin hannu akan hanyoyin haɗari masu girma da kuma ba da damar sa ido kan iyakokin duk yanayi.
Babban mai samar da mafita na musamman na cikin gida ya fuskanci ƙalubalen kamar haka yayin da yake haɓaka tsarin sarrafawa na asali ga robot ɗin sa mai wayo na sintiri na kan iyaka na zamani:
Kalubalen Abokin Ciniki
1. Babban bincike na AI: Robot ɗin duba kan iyaka yana buƙatar sarrafa bidiyo da yawa na HD a ainihin lokaci kuma yana yin ayyukan zurfafa koyo kamar gane ma'aikata da abin hawa da kuma nazarin ɗabi'un da ba su dace ba. Wannan yana buƙatar ƙarfin aikin kwamfuta na AI yayin da yake kiyaye amfani da wutar lantarki a cikin iyaka mai dacewa don dandamalin wayar hannu mai amfani da batir.
2. Sayen kyamarori da yawa tare da daidaitawa: Robot ɗin yana buƙatar haɗa kyamarorin HD da kyamarorin zafi na infrared da yawa don cimma fahimtar muhalli mai digiri 360. Dole ne mai sarrafawa ya goyi bayan hanyoyin haɗin kyamara na GMSL2 da yawa da daidaitawar lokaci na GNSS don tabbatar da daidaiton firam a duk faɗin rafukan hoto.
3. Tallafi ga ka'idojin sadarwa na ababen hawa: Ana gina robot ɗin duba kan iyakoki a kan dandamalin chassis masu ƙafafu ko kuma waɗanda aka bi diddiginsu. Tsarin tuƙin motarsu yana sadarwa ta hanyar bas ɗin CAN, yayin da na'urori masu auna firikwensin kamar LiDAR, IMU, da GNSS/BeiDou suma suna buƙatar a haɗa su. Saboda haka, mai sarrafa dole ne ya goyi bayan hanyoyin sadarwa na masana'antu kamar CAN FD da RS232/485.
4. Yaɗa bayanai a ainihin lokaci mai yawan bandwidth: Dole ne a mayar da bayanan bidiyo na HD da firikwensin da aka tattara yayin ayyukan sintiri zuwa cibiyar umarni a ainihin lokaci. Saboda haka, mai sarrafawa yana buƙatar bandwidth na cibiyar sadarwa na 10GbE ko Gigabit don tabbatar da ƙarancin jinkiri da kuma isar da bayanai masu inganci.
5. Daidaitawa da yanayi mai tsauri:Dole ne robot masu duba kan iyakoki su yi aiki yadda ya kamata a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsauri kamar tsayi mai tsawo, sanyi mai tsanani, bambancin zafin jiki mai yawa, da kuma girgiza mai ƙarfi. Wannan yana sanya manyan buƙatu don aikin zafin jiki mai faɗi, juriya ga girgiza, da juriya ga girgiza.
6. Tsarin ƙarami da nauyi:Sararin da ke cikin robot ɗin yana da iyaka sosai. Dole ne mai sarrafa ya kasance mai ƙanƙanta sosai yayin da yake riƙe da babban aiki, wanda ke taimakawa wajen rage nauyin tsarin gaba ɗaya.
Maganin APQ
Bayan zagaye da dama na zaɓen samfura masu tsauri da kuma gwajin muhalli a wurin, abokin ciniki ya zaɓi APQ TER30J-C3 Embodied Intelligent Robot Controller a matsayin babban dandamalin kwamfuta da sadarwa don robot ɗin sa mai wayo na duba kan iyakoki. Maganin yana ba da waɗannan manyan fa'idodi:
01 275 Ikon kwamfuta na TOPS don ainihin lokacin AI:
TER30J-C3 yana da babban tsarin NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin, wanda ke isar da har zuwa 275 na aikin AI. Yana iya gudanar da samfuran koyo masu zurfi kamar gano abu, gane hali, da rarraba ma'ana kai tsaye a gefen, wanda ke ba da damar gano matakin millisecond da gargaɗi ga ma'aikata, motoci, da halayen da ba su dace ba. Wannan yana ba da goyon bayan kwamfuta mai ƙarfi don yanke shawara mai cin gashin kansa a cikin robots na binciken kan iyaka.
02 8 GMSL2 hanyoyin sadarwa na kyamara don fahimtar panoramic:
TER30J-C3 ya zo daidai da tsarin kyamarar GMSL2 guda 8 kuma yana goyan bayan daidaitawar lokaci na GNSS. Waɗannan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo na iya haɗa kyamarori masu haske da yawa na HD da kyamarorin zafi na infrared a lokaci guda, wanda ke ba da damar fahimtar muhalli a kowane mataki na digiri 360. Samun bayanai masu inganci na hotuna da yawa da aka haɗa yana ba da tallafin bayanai masu inganci don mahimman ayyuka kamar kewayawa mai zaman kansa bisa SLAM, bin diddigin manufa, da faɗakarwa game da abubuwan da suka faru na yau da kullun.
03 CAN FD tare da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawa don haɗin chassis da firikwensin:
TER30J-C3 na asali yana tallafawa tashoshi 2*RS232/RS485, tashoshi 2*CAN FD, da tashoshi 8*GPIO. Tashoshin 2*CAN FD na iya haɗawa kai tsaye zuwa tsarin tuƙin motar chassis na robot ɗin patrol ba tare da ƙarin tsarin faɗaɗa CAN ba. Tashoshin RS232/485 na iya haɗa na'urori masu auna firikwensin kamar LiDAR, IMU, da masu daidaita firikwensin. Ana iya daidaita tashoshin 8*GPIO cikin sassauƙa azaman hanyoyin haɗa firikwensin don fitarwa na ƙararrawa, sarrafa haske, da sauran ayyuka. Wannan tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya dace da buƙatun sadarwa na bas-bas na asali na robots masu ƙafa da bin diddigin.
04 10GbE da Gigabit Ethernet guda biyu don ingantaccen tattara bayanai:
TER30J-C3 yana samar da tashar jiragen ruwa guda ɗaya mai ƙarfin 10GbE da kuma tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda biyu masu zaman kansu na Gigabit Ethernet. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta 10GbE tana ba da damar fitar da bayanai na manyan samfura cikin sauri, tana samar da kayayyaki masu inganci don ci gaba da inganta samfurin AI. Ana iya amfani da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Gigabit guda biyu daban-daban don shigar da bayanai na LiDAR da kuma sadarwa tare da cibiyar kula da baya, wanda ke ba da damar raba kwararar bayanai da kuma rage cunkoson hanyar sadarwa.
05 Faɗaɗa mara waya don haɗin wayar hannu:
TER30J-C3 yana goyan bayan faɗaɗa M.2 Key-B don na'urorin 4G/5G da faɗaɗa M.2 Key-E don na'urorin WiFi/BT. A cikin yanayi inda hanyoyin sadarwa masu waya ke da wahalar amfani da su, sadarwa ta 4G/5G tana tabbatar da haɗin kai na gaske tsakanin robot da cibiyar umarni, yayin da WiFi/BT ke goyan bayan gyara kurakurai a wurin da kuma sadarwa ta ɗan gajeren lokaci.
06 Cikakken chassis mai matuƙar rikitarwa tare da ƙirar zafin jiki mai faɗi da hana girgiza don yanayi mai tsauri:
Cikakken na'urar tana auna 118.2mm x 130mm x 57.6mm kawai, kusan girman tafin hannu. Chassis ɗin ƙarfe mai aluminum da ƙirar da aka ɗora a kan bracket yana ba da damar a saka shi cikin ɗan ƙaramin sararin ciki na robot ɗin sintiri. Dangane da daidaitawar muhalli, TER30J-C3 yana tallafawa zafin aiki na -20°C zuwa 50°C da zafin ajiya na -40°C zuwa 80°C, kuma ya wuce gwaje-gwajen girgizar 3Grms bazuwar da 15G. Hakanan yana goyan bayan shigarwar DC mai faɗi 12-28V, yana ba da damar daidaitawa kai tsaye tare da tsarin batirin abin hawa 24V da aka saba amfani da shi a cikin robot ɗin binciken kan iyaka, yana kawar da buƙatar ƙarin kayan canza wutar lantarki da kuma sauƙaƙe ƙirar samar da wutar lantarki gabaɗaya.
Nasarorin Dabi'u:
Ta hanyar amfani da APQ TER30J-C3 Embodied Intelligent Robot Controller, mai samar da mafita ga robot ɗin sintiri na kan iyaka ya sami nasarar cimma sakamako masu zuwa:
Ingantaccen ingantaccen amfani da fasahar AI: Tare da ƙarfin kwamfuta mai yawa har sau 275, samfuran ilmantarwa masu zurfi na iya aiki a ainihin lokaci a gefen. Saurin amsawa don gane abu da nazarin halayen da ba su dace ba ya ninka sau da yawa fiye da na hanyoyin magancewa na gargajiya, wanda ke ba da tushen kwamfuta ga robots don haɓaka daga sintiri mai cin gashin kansa zuwa yanke shawara mai cin gashin kansa.
Tsarin fahimtar tushen bayanai masu yawa wanda aka haɗa sosai: Haɗin hanyoyin sadarwa na kyamara guda 8 na GMSL2, daidaitawar lokaci na GNSS, tashoshin CAN FD guda 2, da tashoshi RS232/485 guda 2 suna ba da damar samun damar sarrafawa ɗaya don kyamarorin HD, kyamarorin zafi na infrared, injinan chassis, LiDAR, IMU, da sauran na'urori. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa tsarin tsarin sosai kuma yana rage yawan farashin BOM da sarkakiyar haɗakarwa.
Isasshen bandwidth don tattara bayanai:Tsarin Ethernet na 10GbE da Gigabit guda biyu yana tallafawa hanzarta fitar da bayanai na horo na manyan samfura kuma yana tara kayayyaki masu inganci don ci gaba da inganta tsarin AI. Hakanan yana ba da damar raba kwararar bayanai cikin sauƙi, yana tabbatar da hanyoyin sadarwa masu dorewa da aminci a kan yanayin kan iyakoki masu nisa.
Ƙarfin daidaitawa mai ƙarfi ga yanayi mai wahala: Chassis ɗin ƙarfe mai matuƙar ƙanƙanta na aluminum, ƙirar aiki mai faɗi da zafin jiki, juriyar girgiza da girgiza ta IEC, da shigarwar ƙarfin lantarki mai faɗi 12-28V suna ba wa mai sarrafawa damar yin aiki daidai a cikin robot ɗin sintiri na kan iyaka a ƙarƙashin girgiza na dogon lokaci, canjin zafin jiki mai kaifi, da canjin wutar lantarki. Wannan yana rage yawan gazawar wurin aiki da farashin kulawa sosai.
Yayin da Ma'aikatar Masana'antu da Fasahar Bayanai da Kwamitin Kula da Kadarori da Gudanarwa na Majalisar Jiha suka haɗu suka ƙaddamar da shirin horo na gaske don leƙen asiri, kuma yayin da ci gaban tsaron kan iyakoki ke ƙaruwa a duk faɗin ƙasar, "kare kan iyakoki masu wayo" na China yana ci gaba da sauri fiye da kowane lokaci. Daga "sansanin kimiyya" da ke kan tudun Karakoram zuwa robot mai wayo da ke Erenhot, daga motar sintiri ta tsaro ta L4 a Guangxi zuwa gagarumin aikin siyan robot na kan iyakoki a faɗin ƙasar, wannan sauyi daga sintiri mai tushen ƙarfin ma'aikata zuwa ikon sarrafa kan iyakoki da fasaha ke haifarwa yana haifar da buƙatu masu wahala ga masu sarrafa manyan na'urori a fannin wutar lantarki ta kwamfuta, haɗakar na'urori masu auna firikwensin, hanyar sadarwa, da kuma daidaitawar muhalli.
Tare da har zuwa 275 na aikin kwamfuta na AI, hanyoyin haɗin kyamara na GMSL2 guda 8, 10GbE tare da hanyar sadarwa ta Gigabit Ethernet guda biyu, da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin haɗin sadarwa na ababen hawa ciki har da CAN FD da RS232/485, APQ TER30J-C3 Mai Kula da Robot Mai Hankali Mai Kyau ya dace da buƙatun robots na duba kan iyaka a cikin mawuyacin yanayi. Yana goyan bayan ƙididdigar AI mai aiki mai girma, samun bidiyo mai tashoshi da yawa tare, dawo da bayanai na ainihin lokaci, da haɗa na'urorin bas da yawa. Girmansa mai matuƙar ƙanƙanta, aikin zafin jiki mai faɗi, juriyar girgiza, da ƙirar masana'antu mai faɗi mai ƙarfi sun sa ya zama abin dogaro "ƙwaƙwalwa mai hankali" don robots na hannu masu tayoyi da bin diddigi a cikin binciken kan iyaka, tuƙi mai zaman kansa, da aikace-aikacen sintiri masu hankali.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-29-2026
