Ku ya 9 Kamena 2026, Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru hamwe na Komisiyo Ishinzwe Ubugenzuzi n'Ubuyobozi bw'Umutungo wa Leta mu Nama y'Ubutegetsi ya Leta bashyize ahagaragara itangazo ryo gutangiza ku mugaragaro igikorwa cyihariye cya 2026 cyo guhugura Roboti zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Humanoid n'ubutasi bukoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga. Iri tangazo rivuga ko, mu mpera za 2026, ibikoresho by'ubutasi nk'imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya humanoid bigomba kurangiza kwemeza no gushyira mu bikorwa porogaramu mu buryo buhoraho mu byiciro byatoranijwe kandi bigatangira gukoreshwa mu mikorere. Rigamije kandi guteza imbere ibice birenga 100 by'agaciro gakomeye no kubaka ubushobozi bwo gushyira mu bikorwa ibicuruzwa ku gipimo cy'ibice ibihumbi icumi. Igikorwa cyihariye cyibanda ku bintu by'ingenzi mu nganda, mu nzego zihariye, no mu nzego za serivisi, mu gihe hatezwa imbere ahantu nyaho ho guhugura, ihuriro ry'abakoresha udushya, iterambere ry'ubumenyi bw'imirimo, no kwemeza kohereza ibikoresho.
Muri icyo gihe, iterambere ry’uburinzi bw’umupaka mu Bushinwa ririmo gutera imbere mu buryo budasanzwe. Muri Werurwe uyu mwaka, robo y’uburinzi y’umweru yashyizwe ku kibaya cya Karakoram ku butumburuke bwa metero 5.300 ku mupaka w’Ubushinwa n’Ubuhinde. Ifite ingendo zigenga n’igenzura rya dogere 360, yasobanuwe n’itangazamakuru ryo mu Buhinde nk’ “umurinzi wa siyansi.” Uru ni urugero rwiza rw’uburinzi bw’umupaka bw’Ubushinwa bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga buva ku gitekerezo kijya ku isi nyayo. Yagenewe ibidukikije bikomeye nko mu butumburuke buri hejuru, ubukonje bukabije, umwuka muke, n’ubutaka bugoye, robo ishobora gukora neza kuri metero 5.300 hejuru y’inyanja, aho urugero rwa ogisijeni ruri hafi 60% by’ibiri mu kibaya, kandi ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe buri hagati ya -40°C na 55°C. Ku cyambu cya Erenhot muri Mongoliya y’imbere, robo y’uburinzi bw’ubwenge yakozwe ku giti cyayo n’ikigo cy’ubugenzuzi bw’umupaka cyo muri ako gace yatangiye akazi, bituma ihinduka kuva ku igenzura rikurikira gari ya moshi rijya ku igenzura ry’ubwenge kuri gari ya moshi mpuzamahanga. I Guangxi, imodoka y’ubutasi ifite ubuhanga ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara L4 yigenga yatangiye gukora igeragezwa i Dongxing, icyambu cya Fangcheng, itanga irondo ryigenga amasaha 24/24, imenyekanisha neza, kandi itanga umuburo mu gihe nyacyo. Kuva ku mipaka yo mu majyaruguru kugeza mu majyepfo, kuva ku misozi miremire kugeza ku byambu, "abarinzi b'ibyuma" batagira umunaniro ubu bari ku kazi amasaha yose.
Bishingiye kuri politiki zishyigikira ndetse n'ibikenewe mu mikorere, robo zigenzura imipaka zirimo guhinduka vuba cyane kuva ku kugenzura imipaka zigenga kugeza ku gufata ibyemezo byigenga. Hamwe n'imideli ya AI yahuguwe ku manza z'impanuka ku mipaka, imiterere y'ubutaka, n'imiterere y'amayeri, robo zigenda zigira ubushobozi bwo gutandukanya abasivili, abakozi bitwaje intwaro, n'amatungo, mu gihe zigaragaza neza imyitwarire ishobora guteza akaga nko guterana cyangwa gushyiraho ibikoresho. Ibi bishyiraho ibisabwa bikomeye ku mugenzuzi mukuru: gukoresha AI ikomeye kugira ngo umuntu amenye byinshi mu gihe nyacyo, kubona ibintu bihuye bivuye mu byuma byinshi, gukoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo gutumanaho mu nganda, no guhuza ibidukikije neza. Mu by'ukuri, umugenzuzi agomba gutanga imikorere myiza ya AI, gushyigikira kamera nyinshi kugira ngo umuntu arebe neza kuri dogere 360, no gutanga uburyo bwo gutumanaho bw'imodoka nka CAN FD na RS232/485 kugira ngo bihuzwe na sisitemu ya chassis na sensor.
Inkomoko y'urubanza
Ku mipaka miremire y'ubutaka, ibikorwa byo kugenzura bihura n'imbogamizi nyinshi, harimo ibidukikije bibi, ubutaka bugoye, abakozi bake, n'ingaruka zikomeye. Amarondo asanzwe yo gukoresha amaboko ntabwo akora neza gusa; mu bihe bikomeye nko mu misozi miremire, ubukonje bukabije, n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, kwihangana kw'abakozi nabyo birageragezwa cyane. Bitewe n'iterambere ryihuse ry'ubuhanga bugaragara, robo zigenzura imipaka zifite ubwenge zikoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura ibidukikije, kumenya ibidukikije, kumenya ubuhanga bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bwa gihanga, no gutumanaho mu buryo bwihuse birimo kuba ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gusimbuza imirimo y'intoki mu nzira zishobora gutera ibyago byinshi no gutuma habaho kugenzura imipaka mu gihe cyose.
Isosiyete ikomeye mu gutanga ibisubizo bya robo zigenewe abantu benshi yahuye n'ibibazo bikurikira mu gihe yateguraga uburyo bw'ibanze bwo kugenzura robo ikoresha ubuhanga mu kugenzura imipaka y'abakoresha ikoranabuhanga:
Ikibazo cy'abakiriya
1. Igitekerezo cy’ubuhanga bwo gukora neza mu by’ubwenge (AI): Roboti igenzura imipaka igomba gukora amashusho menshi ya HD mu gihe nyacyo no gukora imirimo yo gusesengura mu buryo bwimbitse nko kumenya abakozi n'ibinyabiziga no gusesengura imyitwarire idasanzwe. Ibi bisaba imikorere ikomeye mu kubara AI mu gihe ikoresha ingufu mu rugero rukwiye kuri platform ya mobile ikoresha bateri.
2. Gufata kamera nyinshi hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho: Robot igomba guhuza kamera nyinshi za HD na kamera zishyuha za infrared kugira ngo igere ku buryo bwo kumva ibidukikije ku gipimo cya dogere 360. Igenzura rigomba gushyigikira uburyo bwinshi bwo guhuza kamera za GMSL2 n'igihe cya GNSS kugira ngo irebe ko frame ihura neza n'amashusho yose.
3. Inkunga ku mikorere y'itumanaho ry'ibinyabiziga: Robot zigenzura imipaka ubusanzwe ziba zubatswe ku mbuga zifite amapine cyangwa zikurikiranye. Sisitemu zazo zitwara moteri zitumanaho binyuze muri bisi ya CAN, mu gihe sensor nka LiDAR, IMU, na GNSS/BeiDou nazo zigomba guhuzwa. Kubwibyo, icyuma gipima umupaka kigomba gushyigikira itumanaho ry’inganda nka CAN FD na RS232/485.
4. Kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwihuse kandi bugezweho: Amakuru ya videwo ya HD na sensor yakusanyijwe mu gihe cy'ibikorwa byo kugenzura agomba koherezwa mu kigo cy'ubuyobozi mu gihe nyacyo. Bityo, igikoresho gikoresha umurongo ngenderwaho gikeneye umuyoboro wa 10GbE cyangwa Gigabit kugira ngo gikomeze gutinda no kohereza amakuru yizewe cyane.
5. Kumenyera ibidukikije bikomeye:Robot zigenzura imipaka zigomba gukora neza mu bihe bikomeye nko mu butumburuke buri hejuru, ubukonje bukabije, itandukaniro rikomeye ry'ubushyuhe, no guhindagura gukomeye. Ibi bishyiraho ibisabwa byinshi kugira ngo habeho ubushyuhe bwinshi, guhangana no guhindagura no guhangana n'ihungabana.
6. Igishushanyo gito kandi cyoroheje:Umwanya imbere muri robo ni muto cyane. Umuyoboro ugenzura ugomba kuguma muto cyane ariko ugakomeza gukora neza, bigafasha kugabanya uburemere rusange bwa sisitemu.
Igisubizo cya APQ
Nyuma yo guhitamo ibicuruzwa mu buryo buhanitse no gupima ibidukikije aho bikorerwa, umukiriya yahisemo APQ TER30J-C3 Embodied Intelligent Robot Controller nk'urubuga rw'ingenzi rw'ikoranabuhanga mu gukora igenzura ry'amarobo y'ubwenge ku mipaka. Iyi poromosiyo itanga inyungu z'ingenzi zikurikira:
01 275 TOPS imbaraga zo gukoresha mudasobwa kugira ngo ubone igisubizo cy'ubuhanga mu bya siyansi mu gihe nyacyo:
TER30J-C3 ifite module y’ingenzi ya NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin, itanga imikorere ya AI igera kuri 275. Ishobora gukoresha moderi zo kwigira mu buryo bwimbitse nko kumenya ibintu, kumenya imyitwarire, no gutandukanya imiterere y’amakuru ku nkengero, bigatuma habaho kumenya no kuburira abakozi, ibinyabiziga, n’imyitwarire idasanzwe ku rwego rwa milisegonda. Ibi bitanga inkunga ikomeye mu gukoresha mudasobwa mu gufata ibyemezo byigenga muri robo zigenzura imipaka.
02 8 Imirongo ya kamera ya GMSL2 yo kureba ahantu nyaburanga:
TER30J-C3 iza isanzwe ifite imiyoboro 8 ya kamera za GMSL2 kandi ishyigikira guhuza igihe cya GNSS. Izi miyoboro zishobora guhuza kamera nyinshi zigaragara za HD na kamera zishyuha za infrared icyarimwe, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo kureba ibidukikije bwa dogere 360. Gushakisha neza amakuru y'amashusho y'imiyoboro myinshi bitanga inkunga y'amakuru meza ku bikorwa by'ingenzi nko kugenzura ikoranabuhanga rishingiye kuri SLAM, gukurikirana intego, n'amatangazo y'ibintu bidasanzwe.
03 CAN FD hamwe n'inzira nyinshi zo guhuza chassis na sensor:
TER30J-C3 ikoresha imiyoboro 2 * RS232 / RS485, imiyoboro 2 * CAN FD, n'imiyoboro 8 * GPIO. Imiyoboro 2 * CAN FD ishobora guhuzwa na sisitemu ya moteri ya robo y'igenzura nta module y'inyongera ya CAN. Imiyoboro ya RS232 / 485 ishobora guhuza sensor nka LiDAR, IMU, na encoders. Imiyoboro 8 * GPIO ishobora gushyirwaho mu buryo bworoshye nk'aho ikoresha actuator kugira ngo itange alarm, igenzure amatara, n'indi mirimo. Iyi miterere y'imiyoboro ijyanye n'ibikenewe mu itumanaho rya bisi nyinshi rya robots zigendanwa zifite amapine n'izikurikiranwa.
04 10GbE hamwe na Ethernet ebyiri za Gigabit kugira ngo amakuru ahuzwe neza:
TER30J-C3 itanga umuyoboro umwe wa 10GbE n'imiyoboro ibiri yigenga ya Gigabit Ethernet. Umuyoboro wa 10GbE utuma amakuru menshi yo guhugura aboneka vuba, utanga ibikoresho byinshi byiza byo kunoza icyitegererezo cya AI. Imiyoboro ibiri ya Gigabit ishobora gukoreshwa ukwayo mu kwinjiza amakuru ya LiDAR mu bicu no mu gutumanaho n'ikigo cy'igenzura cya backend, bigatuma amakuru atandukanye kandi bigabanyiriza urujya n'uruza rw'imiyoboro.
05 Kwagura umugozi udafite insinga kugira ngo uhuze na telefoni zigendanwa:
TER30J-C3 ishyigikira kwagura M.2 Key-B kuri module za 4G/5G na M.2 Key-E kuri module za WiFi/BT. Mu bihe aho imiyoboro y'insinga bigora kuyikoresha, itumanaho rya 4G/5G rituma habaho imikoranire mu buryo bwihuse hagati ya roboti n'ikigo cy'ubuyobozi, mu gihe WiFi/BT ishyigikira gukosora amakosa ari aho hantu no gutumanaho mu buryo bwihuse.
06 Chassis ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi irwanya gutigita ku bidukikije bikomeye:
Iyi mashini yuzuye ifite uburebure bwa mm 118.2 x 130 x 57.6 gusa, ifite ingano y'ikiganza. Imiterere yayo ya chassis ya aluminiyumu yose hamwe n'imiterere yayo ituma ishobora gushyirwa mu mwanya muto w'imbere wa roboti igenzura. Ku bijyanye no kwihutisha ibidukikije, TER30J-C3 ishyigikira ubushyuhe bwo gukora kuva kuri -20°C kugeza kuri 50°C n'ubushyuhe bwo kubika kuva kuri -40°C kugeza kuri 80°C, kandi yatsinze vibration ya 3Grms na shock tests ya 15G. Ishyigikira kandi DC input ya 12-28V wide-range, ituma habaho guhuza neza na sisitemu za bateri z'imodoka za 24V zikunze gukoreshwa muri roboti zigenzura imipaka, bikuraho gukenera modules z'inyongera zo guhindura ingufu no koroshya imiterere y'amashanyarazi muri rusange.
Indangagaciro z'ibyagezweho:
Binyuze mu gukoresha APQ TER30J-C3 Embodied Intelligent Robot Controller, ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura amarobo yo ku mipaka cyageze ku bisubizo bikurikira:
Iterambere ry'ubushobozi bwo gusesengura ubuhanga bwa AI ryazamutse cyane: Hamwe n’imbaraga 275 zo gukoresha mudasobwa, moderi zo kwiga byimbitse zishobora gukora mu gihe nyacyo ku nkengero. Umuvuduko wo gusubiza ibintu mu kumenya ibintu no gusesengura imyitwarire idasanzwe ukubye inshuro nyinshi ugereranije n’ibisubizo bisanzwe, bitanga ishingiro ry’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo robo zihinduke kuva ku kugenzura zigenga kugeza ku gufata ibyemezo zigenga.
Sisitemu yo kumva ibintu byinshi ihujwe cyane: Uruvange rw'imiyoboro 8 ya kamera ya GMSL2, guhuza igihe kwa GNSS, imiyoboro 2 ya CAN FD, n'imiyoboro 2 ya RS232/485 bituma kamera za HD, kamera zishyuha za infrared, moteri za chassis, LiDAR, IMU, n'izindi. Ibi byoroshya cyane imiterere ya sisitemu kandi bigabanya ikiguzi cya BOM muri rusange n'uburemere bwo kuyihuza.
Ingano y'umuyoboro (bandwidth) ihagije yo gukusanya amakuru:Imiterere ya 10GbE hamwe na Gigabit Ethernet ebyiri ishyigikira gukuramo amakuru y’uburyo bunini kandi ikusanya ibikoresho byiza cyane kugira ngo ikomeze gukoresha algorithme ya AI. Ituma kandi amakuru atandukana neza, ikanatuma habaho itumanaho rihamye kandi ryizewe ku mipaka miremire.
Kumenyera cyane ibidukikije bikomeye: Chassis ya aluminiyumu ifite imiterere y’ubushyuhe bwinshi, imiterere y’imikorere y’ubushyuhe bwinshi, vibration ya IEC no kwirinda gushyuha, hamwe n’uburyo bwa voltage ya 12-28V butuma icyuma gipima amashanyarazi gikora neza mu ma roboti agenzura umupaka mu gihe cy’ihindagurika ry’igihe kirekire, impinduka zikomeye z’ubushyuhe, n’ihindagurika ry’amashanyarazi. Ibi bigabanya cyane igipimo cyo guhomba kw’aho hantu n’ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga.
Mu gihe Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru na Komisiyo ishinzwe kugenzura no gucunga umutungo wa Leta mu Nama y’Inama ya Leta batangije ku bufatanye gahunda yo guhugura abantu mu by’ukuri ku bumenyi bw’ubutasi, kandi mu gihe iterambere ry’ubutasi bw’ubutasi bw’ubutasi ryihuta mu gihugu hose, “ubutasi bw’ubutasi bw’ubutasi bw’ubutasi” bw’Ubushinwa burimo gutera imbere cyane kurusha mbere hose. Kuva ku “murinzi w’ubutasi bw’ubumenyi” ku kibaya cya Karakoram kugeza kuri robo igenzura ikoresheje ubwenge i Erenhot, kuva ku modoka y’umutekano ya L4 i Guangxi kugeza ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa rikomeye ry’imishinga yo kugura robo ku mipaka hirya no hino mu gihugu, iyi mpinduka kuva ku kugenzura ikoresheje abakozi kugeza ku kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga irimo gushyiraho ibisabwa bikomeye ku bagenzuzi b’ingenzi mu gukoresha ingufu z’ikoranabuhanga, guhuza sensor, itumanaho, no guhuza ibidukikije.
Ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora mudasobwa ya AI igera kuri 275, kamera 8 za GMSL2, 10GbE hamwe n'itumanaho rya Gigabit Ethernet, hamwe n'itumanaho ryuzuye ry'imodoka harimo CAN FD na RS232/485, APQ TER30J-C3 Embodied Intelligent Robot Controller ni igikoresho gikwiriye cyane ku bikenewe cyane mu kugenzura amarobo yo ku mipaka mu turere dukomeye. Ishyigikira ikoranabuhanga rya AI rigezweho, kubona amashusho menshi mu buryo buhuriweho, gusubiza amakuru mu buryo bwihuse, no guhuza ibikoresho bya bisi nyinshi. Ingano yayo ikomeye cyane, ikora neza mu bushyuhe bwinshi, irwanya vibration, hamwe n'imiterere y'inganda ifite voltage nyinshi bituma iba "ubwonko bw'ubwenge" bwizewe ku marobo agendanwa afite amapine n'amakuru mu kugenzura imipaka, gutwara imodoka mu buryo bwigenga, no gukoresha amarobo y'ubwenge.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-29-2026
